Atomic and nuclear properties of sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃)

Quantity	Value	Units	Value	Units
<Z/A>	0.49062
Specific gravity	2.532	g cm-3
Mean excitation energy	125.0	eV
Minimum ionization	1.681	MeV g-1cm2	4.255	MeV cm-1
Nuclear collision length	63.6	g cm-2	25.11	cm
Nuclear interaction length	94.6	g cm-2	37.35	cm
Pion collision length	90.3	g cm-2	35.67	cm
Pion interaction length	125.7	g cm-2	49.63	cm
Radiation length	31.72	g cm-2	12.53	cm
Critical energy	58.48	MeV (for e-)	56.85	MeV (for e+)
Molière radius	11.50	g cm-2	4.543	cm
Plasma energy ℏωp	32.12	eV
Muon critical energy	800.	GeV

Composition:

Elem	Z	Atomic frac*	Mass frac
C	6	1.00	0.113323
O	8	3.00	0.452861
Na	11	2.00	0.433815
* calculated from mass fraction data

For muons, dE/dx = a(E) + b(E) E. Tables of b(E): PDF TEXT
Table of muon dE/dx and Range: PDF TEXT
Explanation of some entries